Rezoluția CM/ResDH(2013)253 H.M. împotriva Turciei Executarea hotărârii Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului Cerere n Cauza Hotărârea Determinativului 34494/97 H.M. 08/08/2006 08/11/2006 (adoptată de Comitetul de Miniștri la 5 decembrie 2013 în cadrul celei de-a 1186-a ședințe a delegaților miniștrilor) Comitetul miniștrilor, în temeiul articolului 46 alineatul (2) din Convenția pentru apărarea drepturilor omului și a libertăților fundamentale, care prevede ca Comitetul să supravegheze executarea hotărârilor definitive ale Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului (denumite în continuare "convenția" și "Curtea"), Având în vedere hotărârea definitivă transmisă de Curte Comitetului în această cauză și încălcarea constatată reamintind obligația statului pârât, în temeiul articolului 46 alineatul (1) (1) din Convenție, să se conformeze hotărârilor definitive în litigiile la care este parte și că această obligație implică, pe lângă plata satisfacției echitabile acordate de Curte, adoptarea de către autoritățile din statul membru în cauză, dacă este necesar de măsuri individuale pentru a pune capăt încălcărilor constatate și pentru a elimina consecințele acestora, în măsura posibilului de către Restitutio in integrum de măsuri generale de prevenire a unor încălcări similare care au invitat guvernul din statul pârât să informeze Comitetul cu privire la măsurile luate pentru a se conforma obligației respective După examinarea bilanțului de acțiune furnizat de guvern care indică măsurile adoptate în vederea executării hotărârii judecătorești, inclusiv informațiile furnizate în ceea ce privește plata satisfacției echitabile acordate de Curte (a se vedea documentul DH-DD(2013) 1083 [1] FIȘĂ că au fost adoptate toate măsurile prevăzute la art. 46 alineatul (1), DECLAMENTUL PE CARE își îndeplinește funcțiile în temeiul art. 46 alin. (2) din Convenție în această cauză și DECIDE d On 15 March 1996, at about 12.30 a.m., cuptor individuals in civilian clothing, who introducted themselves as police officers, went to the applicicants home. Accusing the aplicant and one of is sons of illegal activities and of harbouring criminals, they searhed the house without presenting a search want. Considering that he had been subjected to an unlawful search, the aplicant lodged a complaint on the same day; a witness statement was taken from immediately. On 20 March 1996 the public prosecutor ruled that there was no case to an anwer, given the " absence of an act constituting any offence," on the ground that, acording to information provided by various police departments, no search of property or persons had been carried out at the appicants home. The latter apealed un succesorfully against that decizie. On 4 October 1996, the aplicant lodged an application with the European Court of Human Rights ("the Court") and stated that is right to respect for his home, safeguarded by Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights ("the Convention") had been violated on account of an unlawful search and subsequent lack of an efectiv and eficient investigation into his complaint. II. JUDGMENT Having se uită la obligația de a plăti o parte din an investigație urâtă în jos de art. 8, the Court considered that, oce aplication had been made to it, the public prosecution service ought to have examined the aplicants complaint in such as as to demonstrate at least a wilingness to establish thefacts, then to identify those responsability. In those circumstances, the Court considered that the aplicant could claim to be a victim of a victim of a failure to protect his right to respect for his home and conchided that there had been a violation of Article 8. The Court rejected the applicant maist for non-pecuniary damage on the grounds that the finding of a in itself constituted sucient just satisfaction and awarded him 1 3. INDIVIDUAL MEASURI Satisfacție echitabilă The just satisfaction amount amount amount awarded by the Court has been paid to the aplicant. The relevant documentating informating payment have been submitted to the Department of Execution of Judgment on 27 February 2007. The Government submits that no further individual measure is necessary in the present judgment. IV. GENERAL MAASures Translation and Publication of the Judgment The judgment of the Court in the case of HM. v. Turkey has been translated into Turkish and publicityshed on the official website of the Human Rights Department of the Ministry of Justice. This judgment is available at http://www.inhak.adalet.gov.tr/ara/karar/hm2006.pdf Circulation of the Judgment to the Referent Authorities The translated version of the judgment has been disseminated among the support authorities such as the Human Rights Inquiry Committee of the Turkish Grand National Assembly, the Constitutional Court, the Court of Cassation, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Finance and the relevant Chief Public Prosecutor The Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) Law No. 1 41 2, which was in force at the time of the incident that is the subject matter of the application, was abolished on 1 June 2005. On the same date, the new Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) Law No. 5271 came into force, which sets out new standards for the protective meas including the search procesure. The provisions of the abolished CPC regarding the search measure were regulated under Articols 94 to 104. In aceste articole, the procesures in respect of the authority to issue a search wantr, persons to be present in the course of a search, procesures to be followed during the night searches were set out. art. 97 alineatul (1) din Law regulated that the police offices could conduct a search in urgent circumstances. However, the search measure has been -regulated in a substantially detailed manner as other protective measures. According to Article 116 of the current CPC, in cases where there is a reasonable doubt that the suspect or the acuzad may be arrested, or evidence of infraction may be obtained, then a body search and a search of the belongings, or a search at home or work or at other premises of the suspect or the acuzad may be conducted upon a decision delivered by the relative judge; in circumstances, it may be conducted upon Public Prosecutors decision. art. 118 provides that persons home or work, as well as other premises that are covered, may not be searhed at night. Acesta nu este un applied în cazul în care suspectul este apprehended in the act or where delay would be detrimental or in cases where the suspect is re-apprehended after a previous escape from custody or detention on remand or in case the person is a convict who escaped de la ring the execution of sente. art. 119 of the CPC stipulates who might issues a search wrarant and the elements to be inclusded in a search warrant. Accordingly, a search want or order shall clearly includede the following elements: a) The act that constitutes the ground for search; (b) The name of the person with respect to whom the search shall be conducted or the item/hat is to be searched, as well as the address of the place to be searched, c) Validity period of the search want or or order. Furtermore, in the Regulation on Judicial and Preventive Searches which was publicityshed in the Official Gazette on the same date as the CPC (1 June 2005), which thus entered into force, the search measure was regulated in a more detailed manner than the CPC. Consequently, as also held in the judgment of the Court, conducta poliției officinale, in particular whether they comply with the information given in the search warrant can be supervisiond. Acording to the Regulation, a search want may only be issued for a person if there exist a reasonable doubt on an offence. Taking the rights of individuals into considetion, the Regulation subjects the concept of reasonable doubt to strict conditions. Article 6 of the Regulation states, "A reasonable doubt is the general doubt against substantialfacts with respect to flow of life. A reasonable doubt istermined by taking the circumstances into account such as the data of the search, the behaviurs of the raported person and others accompanying him, place and calificare of the material which the police office doubts that is being carried. A reasonable doubt should include indicații which support the denouncement and compaint. The doubt should be based on substantialfacts. Substantialfacts, which require evisaging that a anumit material will be found and a anumite person will be arrested after the search, must exist." În această privință, poliția offices shall apply to the public prosecutor after pregating a detailed and justited report informating the caus of the reasonable doubt in order to have a search want issued. art. 12 din Regulamentul sets out the required information to be stated in the document that is to be submitted after the search, upon the request of the person in respect of whom a search want has been issued. This Article reads as folows: "At the end of the search conducted under Article 7 and upon the person as request, a document inclusing the following information shall be given to the person who has been the subject matter of the search; 1) whether the search has been conducted (a) pentru reason that the person is a suspect or acuzăd, and that there is a reasonable doubt regarding that s/he might be caught or that evidence of infraction might be obtained, b) for the obiective that the suspect or acuză to be caught or that evidence of criminality to be obtained, 2) natura crimei leading to the investigation or prosecution in the case that the suspect or acuză in respect of whom there is a reasonable doubt that s/he might be caught or the evidence of the infraction that might be obtained through search of that person, his/her property, home, workplace or other inchirieri belonging to her/him, 3) list of goods that are confiscated and taken under protection, 4) information as as privis the .fact if nothing has been obtained to prove the suspectat to be right, 5) opinie and allegations of the person who has been been searched regarding the ownership of the confiscated property." It is clearly seen that the provisions of the CPC Law No. 5271 and the Regulation on Judicial and Preventive Search are now fully in line with the standardput forward in the Court Law No. 5237 that came into force after the Court.s judgment in the case of H.M. which provides the procedure to be folowed against the public officials conducing an unlawful search: "A public official who performs an unlawful search on a person, or of personal belongings, shall be sended to imprisonment for a term of three months to one year." According to this article, police officials will not be fiable to conduction a search, unless there is a duly regulated search want. Their contrary behaviour will be investgated by prosecution notwithstanding the existence of a compaint and they will be subjected to criminal procedeedings. Legislative amendments priving the search Measures have also been applicated by the Supreme Courts. In a judgment of the Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, datad 17 November 2009, it has been held that a search could only be conducted upon the judge 2009/264 K., Annex 1). See also (Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, 26 June 2007, 2007/7-147 E., 2007/159 K., Annex 2), (Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, 4 October 2011, 2011//6-46 E., 2011/195 K., Annex 3). As inferred from the judgments, the implementation has settled in Practice aswell. Acording to Article 161 § 5 of the CPC, Law No. 5271, public prosecutor shall, ex official , launch an Investigation about the public employees and their superiors who misuse or neglect their statutory duties, as well as members of security forces who misuse or neglect to execute the oral or written demands or or Orders of the public prosecutors. Accordingly, police officers who conduct an unlawful or unfair search or who violate the uman rights and fredoms shall, ex officialo , be prosecuted by the public prosecutors, without prior permision. By no longer requiring permision to initiate investigation against police officers, it has been guaranteed that an efectiv investigation will be conducted in an independent and impartial manner. Non-requirement of permision for investigation referenting members of security forse for offences committed on duty has been established in Practice through the Court of Cassation In its judgment rendred on 15 November 2006, the 4th Criminal Chamber of the Court of Cassation held that Article 161§ 5 of the CPC clearly sets out thefact that the police official performing their juridic security duties would be prosecuted ex official by the Public Prosecutor, and that no permision is required in respect of the police offices (4thinal Chamber of the Court of Cassation, 15 November 2006, 2006/5351 E., 2006/16285 K., Annex 4; see also judgment of the 4th Criminal Chamber of the Court of Cassation, 6 February 2007, 2006/10499 E., 2007/1166 K., Annex 5). Training and Awareness Raising Activeities In the High Level Conference organizazed by the General Directorate of International Law and Foreign Affairs, Human Rights Department, on 15-17 November 2011, 6 working groups were established within the context of the convention provisions. In una dintre working groups, legislation and Practice Reference the right to respect for private and family life safeguarded by Article 8 of the Convention were discussed. Legislative and Practical aspects of such problems were elaborated. The working group consisted of representatives of the Court of Cassation, the Council of State, various departments of the Ministry of Justice and representatives of other chestion. Problems with respect to the search measure and posible solutions in compliment with the Court It was concluded that the problems oriinated in the execution of the new legislation, and therefore, trening activities in order to raise awareness would have to be given priority. Moreover, the Project on Strengthening the Efectivness of Turkish Criminal Justice System, aims at abolition of problems such as unlawful search in criminal justition system, and strengthening the implementation capacity of the Convention. The Project was launched in March 201 2. Cu o imagine de ansamblu a proiectului, Turkish criminal justiție system will be reviewed in general and sugestii for solution will be pregred for the defective aspects. During the curse of the Project, Study visiness will be made to domestic pilot scurts, a trening curriculum will be prepared for the Justice Academy, and seminars will be organizated. Individual Aplication Right before the Constitutional Court A new domestic remedy, individual application right to the Turkish Constitutional Court, was introduced into the Turkish legal system by the constitutional amendments of 2010, and Since 23 September 2012, the Constitutional Court has been receiving applications. art. 148 din Constituție prevede că anyonee, who considerers that his/her constitutional rights set forth in the Convention have been infringed by a public authority, will have a right to apply to the Constitutional Court after exhausting other domestic remedies. After an examination, the Constitutional Court shall decide whether the fundamental rights of the aplicant have been violated. In the event it finds a incalca, it may also decide what should be done in order to redress the încălcarea and its consecvences. In the event the încălcareas results from a scurt judgment, the Constitutional Court may send the case file to the content scurt for a retrial in order to restore the fundamental rights of the aplicant. However, if the constitutional Court deems that a retrial will be of no use, then it may award compensation to the aplicant or it may ask the aplicant to file a case before the content first-instance Court to seek compensation for the damages s/he may have suffered. Concluzie In the light of the submissions made above, the Government maints that Turkey has taken all necesssary general measures and no aditival individual measure is needed for the execution of the H.M judgment. The Government therefore respectfully invitates the Committee of Ministers to close its examination. [1] Numai engleză.
Résolution CM/ResDH(2013)253
H.M. contre Turquie
Exécution de l’arrêt de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme
Requête n
o
Affaire
Arrêt du
Définitif le
34494/97
H.M.
08/08/2006
08/11/2006
(adoptée par le Comité des Ministres le 5 décembre 2013,
lors de la 1186e réunion des Délégués des Ministres)
Le Comité des Ministres, en vertu de l’article 46, paragraphe 2, de la Convention de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, qui prévoit que le Comité surveille l’exécution des arrêts définitifs de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (ci-après nommées «
la Convention
» et «
la Cour
»),
Vu l’arrêt définitif transmis par la Cour au Comité dans cette affaire et la violation constatée
;
Rappelant l’obligation de l’Etat défendeur, en vertu de l’article 46, paragraphe
1, de la Convention, de se conformer aux arrêts définitifs dans les litiges auxquels il est partie et que cette obligation implique, outre le paiement de la satisfaction équitable octroyée par la Cour, l’adoption par les autorités de l’Etat défendeur, si nécessaire
:
-
de mesures individuelles pour mettre fin aux violations constatées et en effacer les conséquences, dans la mesure du possible par
restitutio in integrum
;
et
-
de mesures générales permettant de prévenir des violations semblables
;
Ayant invité le gouvernement de l’Etat défendeur à informer le Comité des mesures prises pour se conformer à l’obligation susmentionnée
;
Ayant examiné le bilan d’action fourni par le gouvernement indiquant les mesures adoptées afin d’exécuter l’arrêt, y compris les informations fournies en ce qui concerne le paiement de la satisfaction équitable octroyée par la Cour (voir document
[1]
)
;
S’étant assuré que toutes les mesures requises par l’article 46, paragraphe 1, ont été adoptées,
DECLARE qu’il a rempli ses fonctions en vertu de l’article 46, paragraphe 2, de la Convention dans cette affaire et
DECIDE d’en clore l’examen.
Execution of the European Court of Human Rights Judgment
in the case of H.M. v. Turkey (No. 34494/97) dated 8 August 2006
(anglais uniquement)
I.
FACTS
On 15 March 1996, at about 12.30 a.m., four individuals in civilian clothing, who introduced themselves as police officers, went to the applicant’s home. Accusing the applicant and one of his sons of illegal activities and of harbouring criminals, they searched the house without presenting a search warrant. Considering that he had been subjected to an unlawful search, the applicant lodged a complaint on the same day; a witness statement was taken from him immediately. On 20 March 1996 the public prosecutor ruled that there was no case to answer, given the "absence of an act constituting any offence", on the ground that, according to information provided by various police departments, no search of property or persons had been carried out at the applicant’s home. The latter appealed unsuccessfully against that decision.
On 4 October 1996, the applicant lodged an application with the European Court of Human Rights ("the Court") and stated that his right to respect for his home, safeguarded by Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights ("the Convention") had been violated on account of an unlawful search and subsequent lack of an effective and efficient investigation into his complaint.
II.
Having regard to the obligation to carry out an investigation laid down by Article 8, the Court considered that, once application had been made to it, the public prosecution service ought to have examined the applicant’s complaint in such a way as to demonstrate at least a willingness to establish the facts, then to identify those responsible. In those circumstances, the Court considered that the applicant could claim to be a victim of a failure to protect his right to respect for his home and concluded that there had been a violation of Article 8.
The Court rejected the applicant’s request for non-pecuniary damage on the grounds that the finding of a violation in itself constituted sufficient just satisfaction and awarded him 1
000 euros (EUR) for costs and expenses.
III.
Just satisfaction
The just satisfaction amount awarded by the Court has been paid to the applicant. The relevant documents indicating payment have been submitted to the Department of Execution of Judgments on 27 February 2007. The Government submits that no further individual measure is necessary in the present judgment.
IV.
A.
Translation and Publication of the Judgment
The judgment of the Court in the case of HM. v. Turkey has been translated into Turkish and published on the official website of the Human Rights Department of the Ministry of Justice. This judgment is available at
http://www.inhak.adalet.gov.tr/ara/karar/hm2006.pdf
.
B.
Circulation of the Judgment to the Relevant Authorities
The translated version of the judgment has been disseminated among the relevant authorities such as the Human Rights Inquiry Committee of the Turkish Grand National Assembly, the Constitutional Court, the Court of Cassation, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Finance and the relevant Chief Public Prosecutor’s Office that had rendered the judgment.
C.
Legislative Arrangements
The Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) Law No. 1 41 2, which was in force at the time of the incident that is the subject matter of the application, was abolished on 1 June 2005. On the same date, the new Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) Law No. 5271 came into force, which sets out new standards for the protective measures including the search procedure.
The provisions of the abolished CCP regarding the search measure were regulated under Articles 94 to 104. In these articles, the procedures in respect of the authority to issue a search warrant, persons to be present in the course of a search, procedures to be followed during the night searches were set out. Article 97 § 1 of the Law regulated that the police officers could conduct a search in urgent circumstances. However, the relevant articles did not include details that should be included in a search warrant.
In the current CCP (Law No. 5271), the search measure has been -regulated in a substantially detailed manner as other protective measures. According to Article 116 of the current CCP, in cases where there is a reasonable doubt that the suspect or the accused may be arrested, or evidence of crime may be obtained, then a body search and a search of the belongings, or a search at home or work or at other premises of the suspect or the accused may be conducted upon a decision delivered by the relative judge; in urgent circumstances, it may be conducted upon Public Prosecutor’s decision. Article 118 provides that person’s home or work, as well as other premises that are covered, may not be searched at night. This provision is not applied in cases where the suspect is apprehended in the act or where delay would be detrimental or in cases where the suspect is re-apprehended after a previous escape from custody or detention on remand or in case the person is a convict who escaped du ring the execution of sentence.
Article 119 of the CCP stipulates who might issue a search warrant and the elements to be included in a search warrant. Accordingly, a search warrant or order shall clearly include the following elements:
a) The act that constitutes the ground for search,
b) The name of the person with respect to whom the search shall be conducted or the item/hat is to be searched, as well as the address of the place to be searched,
c) Validity period of the search warrant or order.
Furthermore, in the Regulation on Judicial and Preventive Searches which was published in the Official Gazette on the same date as the CCP (1 June 2005), which thus entered into force, the search measure was regulated in a more detailed manner than the CCP. Consequently, as also held in the judgment of the Court, conduct of the police officers, in particular whether they comply with the information given in the search warrant can be supervised.
According to the Regulation, a search warrant may only be issued for a person if there exist a reasonable doubt on an offence. Taking the rights of individuals into consideration, the Regulation subjects the concept of reasonable doubt to strict conditions.
Article 6 of the Regulation states,
"A reasonable doubt is the general doubt against substantial facts with respect to flow of life.
A reasonable doubt is determined by taking the circumstances into account such as the date of the search, the behaviours of the related person and others accompanying him, place and qualification of the material which the police officer doubts that is being carried.
A reasonable doubt should include indications which support the denouncement and complaint.
The doubt should be based on substantial facts.
Substantial facts, which require envisaging that a certain material will be found and a certain person will be arrested after the search, must exist."
The competent judicial authority shall decide whether to conduct a search, under Article 7 of the Regulation mentioned above. In this regard, the police officers shall apply to the public prosecutor after preparing a detailed and justified report indicating the causes of the reasonable doubt in order to have a search warrant issued.
Article 12 of the Regulation sets out the required information to be stated in the document that is to be submitted after the search, upon the request of the person in respect of whom a search warrant has been issued. This Article reads as follows:
"At the end of the search conducted under Article 7 and upon the person’s request, a document including the following information shall be given to the person who has been the subject matter of the search;
1) whether the search has been conducted
a) for the reason that the person is a suspect or accused, and that there is a reasonable doubt regarding that s/he might be caught or that evidence of crime might be obtained,
b) for the objective that the suspect or accused to be caught or that evidence of crime to be obtained,
2) the nature of the crime leading to the investigation or prosecution in the case that the suspect or accused in respect of whom there is a reasonable doubt that s/he might be caught or the evidence of the crime that might be obtained through search of that person, his/her property, home, workplace or other locations belonging to her/him,
3) list of goods that are confiscated and taken under protection,
4) the information as regards the .fact if nothing has been obtained to prove the suspicion to be right,
5) opinion and allegations of the person who has been searched regarding the ownership of the confiscated property".
It is clearly seen that the provisions of the CCP Law No. 5271 and the Regulation on Judicial and Preventive Search are now fully in line with the standards put forward in the Court’s case law, and in the manner to protect individuals against arbitrary intervention of police officers.
An important point to be mentioned here is Article 1 20 of the TCC (Turkish Criminal Code) Law No. 5237 that came into force after the Court’s judgment in the case of H.M. which provides the procedure to be followed against the public officials conducting an unlawful search:
"A public official who performs an unlawful search on a person, or of his personal belongings, shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a term of three months to one year."
According to this article, police officers will not be able to conduct a search, unless there is a duly regulated search warrant. Their contrary behaviour will be investigated by prosecution notwithstanding the existence of a complaint and they will be subjected to criminal proceedings. Legislative amendments concerning the search measures have also been applied by the Supreme Courts. In a judgment of the Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, dated 17 November 2009, it has been held that a search could only be conducted upon the judge’s decision, and that a search conducted without the judge’s decision would be unlawful, therefore the evidence collected as such would not be regarded as lawful (Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, 17 November 2009, 2009/7-160 E. 2009/264 K., Annex 1). See also (Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, 26 June 2007, 2007/7-147 E., 2007/159 K., Annex 2), (Assembly of the Criminal Chambers of the Court of Cassation, 4 October 2011, 2011/6-46 E., 2011/195 K., Annex 3). As inferred from the judgments, the implementation has settled in practice as well.
According to Article 161 § 5 of the CCP, Law No. 5271, public prosecutor shall,
ex officio
, launch an investigation about the public employees and their superiors who misuse or neglect their statutory duties, as well as members of security forces who misuse or neglect to execute the oral or written demands or orders of the public prosecutors. Accordingly, police officers who conduct an unlawful or unfair search or who violate the human rights and freedoms shall,
ex officio
, be prosecuted by the public prosecutors, without prior permission.
By no longer requiring permission to initiate investigation against police officers, it has been guaranteed that an effective investigation will be conducted in an independent and impartial manner.
Non-requirement of permission for investigations concerning members of security forces for offences committed on duty has been established in practice through the Court of Cassation’s case law. In its judgment rendered on 15 November 2006, the 4th Criminal Chamber of the Court of Cassation held that Article 161 § 5 of the CCP clearly sets out the fact that the police officers performing their judicial security duties would be prosecuted ex officio by the Public Prosecutor, and that no permission is required in respect of the police officers (4th Criminal Chamber of the Court of Cassation, 15 November 2006, 2006/5351 E., 2006/16285 K., Annex 4; see also judgment of the 4th Criminal Chamber of the Court of Cassation, 6 February 2007, 2006/10499 E., 2007/1166 K., Annex 5).
D.
Training and Awareness Raising Activities
In the High Level Conference organized by the General Directorate of International Law and Foreign Affairs, Human Rights Department, on 15-17 November 2011, six working groups were established within the context of the Convention provisions. In one of the working groups, legislation and practice concerning the right to respect for private and family life safeguarded by Article 8 of the Convention were discussed. Legislative and practical aspects of such problems were elaborated. The working group consisted of representatives of the Court of Cassation, the Council of State, various departments of the Ministry of Justice and representatives of other relevant institutions. Problems with respect to the search measure and possible solutions in compliance with the Court’s case-law were put-forth. It was concluded that the problems originated in the execution of the new legislation, and therefore, training activities in order to raise awareness would have to be given priority.
Moreover, "the Project on Strengthening the Effectiveness of Turkish Criminal Justice System" aims at elimination of problems such as unlawful search in criminal justice system, and strengthening the implementation capacity of the Convention. The project was launched in March 201 2. Within the scope of the project, Turkish criminal justice system will be reviewed in general and suggestions for solution will be prepared for the defective aspects. During the course of the Project, study visits will be made to domestic pilot courts, a training curriculum will be prepared for the Justice Academy, and seminars will be organised.
E.
Individual Application Right before the Constitutional Court
A new domestic remedy, individual application right to the Turkish Constitutional Court, was introduced into the Turkish legal system by the constitutional amendments of 2010, and since 23 September 2012, the Constitutional Court has been receiving applications. Article 148 of the Constitution stipulates that anyone, who considers that his/her constitutional rights set forth in the Convention have been infringed by a public authority, will have a right to apply to the Constitutional Court after exhausting other domestic remedies.
After an examination, the Constitutional Court shall decide whether the fundamental rights of the applicant have been violated. In the event it finds a violation, it may also decide what should be done in order to redress the violation and its consequences.
In the event the violation results from a court judgment, the Constitutional Court may send the case
‑
file to the competent court for a retrial in order to restore the fundamental rights of the applicant. However, if the Constitutional Court deems that a re-trial will be of no use, then it may award compensation to the applicant or it may ask the applicant to file a case before the competent first-instance court to seek compensation for the damages s/he may have suffered.
V.
Conclusion
In the light of the submissions made above, the Government maintains that Turkey has taken all necessary general measures and no additional individual measure is needed for the execution of the H.M judgment. The Government therefore respectfully invites the Committee of Ministers to close its examination.
[1]
Anglais uniquement.